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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Overview
Setup guide for Yaskawa EtherCAT drives with the Hickory CNC Controller
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Hickory CNC Controller
The HICKORY is an integrated PLC and motion control processor HICKORY uses an Ethernet based fieldbus to
communicate with all accessories over RJ45 shielded twisted pair Ethernet cables The new protocol and connection
scheme are the defining features of HICKORY versus previous products such as OAK
HICKORY communicates with a host PC over Ethernet connection Drives and peripherals PLC expansion boards
Operator’s Control Panel etc are connect in a daisy chain format with the first Drive connected to the HICKORY’s fieldbus
output and subsequent drives and peripherals chained down from the first Drive
A typical configuration would be connected as HICKORY → Axis 1 → Axis 2 → Axis 3 → Axis 4 → Axis 5 → Axis 6 → Axis 7
→ Axis 8 → Operator’s Control Panel
Typical Mill/Router Axis 1 = X → Axis 2 = Y → Axis 3 = Z → Axis 4 = Y2 paired motor to Y1 → Axis 5 A rotary axis →
Operator’s Control Panel
Typical Lathe Axis 1 = Z → Axis 2 = X →Axis 3 = Y → Axis 5 C rotary axis → Operator’s Control Panel
HICKORY supports up to 8 drives and 8 peripherals for a total of 16 devices chained together
When Using any Hickory Expansion boards place them at the beginning of the chain
Example HICKORY → Ecat1616 i/o expansion → ENCEXP13 encoder port expansion → Axis 1 → Axis 2 → Axis 3 →
Axis 4 → Axis 5 → Axis 6 → Axis 7 → Axis 8 → Operator’s Control Panel
Supported Drives
• Yaskawa TB322 This document • Estun Summa TB317
• Teknic ClearPath EC TB332 • Inovance SV660N TB329
• Delta ASD B3A E TB330
• Delta ASD B3 E TB330 • LS Electric iX7NH TB335
• LeadShine EL8 EC TB324
• Leadshine EL7 EC TB323
Required software
• CNC12 Centroid CNC control software
◦ https //www centroidcnc com/centroid_diy/centroid_cnc_software_downloads html
• Yaskawa SigmaWin+ v7 xx
◦ https //www yaskawa com/products/motion/sigma 7 servo products/software tools/sigmawin plus 7/ /content/
_05e40326 19a5 4996 8df2 3bd32762d39d_DownloadSoftware
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Supporting documents
• HICKORY DIY Installation Manual
◦ https //www centroidcnc com/centroid_diy/downloads/hickory/centroid_hickory_cnc_install_manual pdf
• Hickory and Yaskawa schematic S15075 Mill 220VAC Hickory Yaskawa Drives Generic Inverter VFD
schematic
◦ https //www centroidcnc com/centroid_diy/schematics/pbrowse php?term=S15075
• Yaskawa Sigma 7S EtherCAT Manual
◦ https //sigma7 eu/wp content/uploads/Verst%C3%A4rker/EtherCat/Documentations/
Manual%20Sigma%207%20200V%20Single%20Axis%20EtherCat pdf
Setup and Configuration Procedure outline for Yaskawa EtherCAT drives for use with the Hickory
CNC Controller
1 Follow the Hickory Installation Manual up until you finish Section 5 7
2 Using the Yaskawa SigmaWin+ software program the Yaskawa drive parameters for use with Hickory
3 Bench Test Motor Movement with the Yaskawa software
4 Follow the Hickory Installation Manual starting with section 5 8 and until you finish section 7 1
5 Use Yaskawa SigmaWin+ to tune the Yaskawa drives to the machine axes
6 Use CNC12 Drive delay Auto Tuning to Auto configure the Drive delay
7 Perform Drive tuning by hand for paired axes or to more finely tune the drives
8 Continue with the Hickory Installation manual from Section 7 3
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Program Yaskawa Drives for use with Hickory
The Yaskawa drives can be programmed at just about any step in the Hickory setup process but generally you’ll want to have
completed up through Section 5 7 of the Hickory install manual before following this section Or at the very least have gotten
to the point where the drives should be bench tested with the CNC12 software
Prerequisites
The following items are needed
• Computer with Yaskawa SigmaWin+ software installed Version 7 43 was used for this document
➔ Download at https //www yaskawa com/products/motion/sigma 7 servo products/software tools/sigmawin
plus 7/ /content/_05e40326 19a5 4996 8df2 3bd32762d39d_DownloadSoftware
• USB A to Mini B USB cable – connected between the PC and the Yaskawa drive you wish to setup
➔ Use this link https //amzn to/41imr7Y
➔ Note that the drives do not ship with one of these USB cables
Servopack Configuration Process
Launch the Yaskawa SigmaWin+ software and you will see the screen below
Click “Connect the SERVOPACK”
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Make sure “USB Connection” is
highlighted then press the “Search for
SERVOPACKs” button
All servopacks connected via USB will be
listed Choose which servopack you would
like to connect to and press the “Connect”
button
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Click on the “Menu” icon
The menu screen will open If this is a new
setup choose “Edit Parameters”
Select “Initialize”
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
You will see a warning message
Press OK
Press OK again power cycle and
reconnect to the drive
Select “I/O Signal Allocation”
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
If the “I/O Signal Allocation” box is not set to “User
Allocation” click on the “Change Method” button
Use the drop down menu and select “User
Allocations”
Press the “Change/Software Reset” button You
will need to wait 10 15 seconds
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
The “Input Signal” tab in the “I/O Signal Allocation” box should be displayed We are interested in two items in the “Pin
Number” column
Double click the box for “P OT” in the “Pin
Number” column A drop down menu will
appear Scroll down and choose “Always
Inactive” Repeat this for “N OT” as well
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
This is how it should look when
complete
Click “Write” and a warning dialog
box will appear Click
“Change/Software Reset” to
confirm
Another warning dialog box will appear
Click “OK” and then reconnect to
SigmaWin+
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Click on the “Menu” icon
Click on the “Edit Parameters” icon and scroll to Pn140 0 Make sure that Pn140 0 is set to “0”
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Click on the “Menu” icon
Click on “Reset Absolute
Encoder”
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
A warning message will appear
Press “Continue”
A second message will appear Press
“Execute Setting”
A completion message will appear Press
“OK”
Power down and restart the drive
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Bench Test Motor Jogging with Yaskawa Software
For testing on the bench wire up the Yaskawa drives according to schematic #15075
Force Outputs On
a With the Hickory powered ON open CNC12 and press ALT+i to open the PLC Diagnostic Screen
b For motors with a holding brake which is controlled by Hickory via an output relay we’ll need to temporarily manually
release the motor brake Navigate to the correct output using the arrow keys which in our example is OUT9 and force it on
by pressing CTRL+ALT+F When forced the output will now be permanently green and have a white underline Be aware of
the Z axis dropping due to gravity if E Stop is toggled with the brake off
c Note that if no physical E stop has been wired you can force the Emergency Stop circuit to apply motor power to the
drives Using the arrow keys on the keyboard g o to the output assigned to NoFaultOut which by default is OUT1 and press
CTRL+ALT+F once Notice OUT1 is now green and has an underline which means its current state is being forced This will
close the E Stop contactor and provide motor power to the drive for further setup
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Bench testing motors with Yaskawa software
With CNC12 running and OUT1 forced
ON go back into the SigmaWin+
software and from the "menu" screen
click on "Jog"
A warning dialog box will appear Click
“OK”
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
A jog dialog box will appear
Click " Edit " to change the "JOG Speed"
setting 50 RPM is a good safe starting
point
Verify that CNC12 is running and OUT1
is still forced ON
Click " Servo ON " to enable the
Servopack Motor Power
The screen should then show "Servo ON"
You can now jog the motor by pressing and holding
either the Forward or Reverse buttons
If everything is working correctly you should have
smooth motion with the Servomotor Simply close the
Jog Operation window to exit Jog Mode
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Return Outputs to an unforced state
a Turn servo power off and press E stop Then go back into the CNC12 PLC Diagnostic Screen by pressing ALT+i to return
the outputs we forced on earlier to their unforced state
b Using the arrow keys move the selector to any of the outputs that were forced on earlier Now press CTRL+ALT+F to
force the output permanently off and CTRL+ALT+F once again to return the output to it’s default state so it can be controlled
by the PLC once again You should now see no white underlines underneath the outputs
Once finished bench testing the motors with the SigmaWin+ software power cycle the drive Continue where you left off with
the Hickory install manual until you’ve completed section 7 1
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Tuning Yaskawa drives to the axis motors of the machine
Once you’ve reached Section 7 2 of the Hickory install manual you’re ready for tuning of the Yaskawa drive s At this point
the drives and motors have been bench tested with the SigmaWin+ software and CNC12 The motors have also been
installed on the machine and are ready to be tuned to the axes
*** For now Skip this drive tuning step on software paired axes DO NOT command motion on paired axes from software
other than CNC12 when the motors are coupled to the gantry/other paired axis
Force Outputs On
a With the Hickory powered ON open CNC12 and press ALT+i to open the PLC Diagnostic Screen
b For motors with a holding brake which is controlled by Hickory via an output relay we’ll need to temporarily manually
release the motor brake Navigate to the correct output using the arrow keys which in our example is OUT9 and force it on
by pressing CTRL+ALT+F When forced the output will now be permanently green and have a white underline Be aware of
the Z axis dropping due to gravity if E Stop is toggled with the brake off
c Note that if no physical E stop has been wired you can force the Emergency Stop circuit to apply motor power to the
drives Using the arrow keys on the keyboard g o to the output assigned to NoFaultOut which by default is OUT1 and press
CTRL+ALT+F once Notice OUT1 is now green and has an underline which means its current state is being forced This will
close the E Stop contactor and provide motor power to the drive for further setup
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Yaskawa Drive Software Tuning with stimulus from the drive
Click on "Tuning" from the "Menu" screen
as shown to the right
You will then see a safety warning about the
use of Tuning Simply press " Execute " to
continue
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
You will then see the Tuning window as
shown to the right
Select “Change” and click “OK”
A message will appear Click “OK” and power
cycle the drive
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
You will then see the Tuning window
Click " Execute " This will begin the process to calculate
the Moment of Inertia for the Servomotor
You will then see the Condition Setting
window as shown to the right Click " Next "
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Click " Start " to transfer the reference conditions to
the Servopack and then click " Next "
You will then see the Moment of Inertia
calculation
Verify that CNC12 is running and
OUT1 is still forced on
Click " Servo On " to apply power to the
Servomotor
Alternatingly click " Forward " and
" Reverse " until the SigmaWin software
will no longer allow you to press either
button signifying that the process is
complete
Click " Next "
You will then see the window shown to
the right
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Click " Writing Results " to send the results to the Servopack
Click " Finish "
You will then be prompted to execute a Software Reset on the Servopack
You will then be returned to the Tuning window
Under the " Autotuning " section click " No Reference Input " to ensure that the correct mode is selected during tuning Click
" Autotuning "
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
You will then see an Autotuning Set Conditions window as shown to
the right
The following settings should be set by default Verify that they match the
following settings
Set "Switching the load moment of inertia load mass identification " to " 1
A moment of inertia is not presumed "
Set "Mode selection" to " 2 For positioning "
Set "Mechanism selection" to " 2 Ball screw mechanism or linear
motor "
Ensure the "Moving Range" is set to " 3 0 " rotations
Click " Next "
You may receive another warning Click " Yes " to send the parameters to
the Servopack
You will then see the Autotuning – Automatic setting window
as shown to the right
Verify that CNC12 is running and OUT1 is still forced ON
Click " Servo ON "
Click " Start tuning " The Servopack will then tune itself
Sometimes the autotune will fault This can usually be fixed by
performing a Software Reset and restarting the Autotune
process
Click " Finish " when the tuning is complete
At this point the Servopack and servomotor are tuned Execute a
Software Reset to be sure that everything is back in good
operation
Repeat the procedure for the remaining Servopacks
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Return Outputs to an unforced state
a Turn servo power off and press E stop Then go back into the CNC12 PLC Diagnostic Screen by pressing ALT+i to return
the outputs we forced on earlier to their unforced state
b Using the arrow keys move the selector to any of the outputs that were forced on earlier Now press CTRL+ALT+F to
force the output permanently off and CTRL+ALT+F once again to return the output to it’s default state so it can be controlled
by the PLC once again You should now see no white underlines underneath the outputs
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Run CNC12 Drive Delay timing Autotune
Centroid Drive Delay Auto Tune is required for proper servo motor operation The Drive Delay Tune will verify a commanded
move with the actual move data provided by the encoder and calculate a ‘drive delay’ in milliseconds
Requirements
The Servo motor to machine mechanical ‘gear’ ratio Centroid calls it “overall turns ratio ” “revs/inch ” or “mm/rev” when in
metric is required to be set properly before continuing with this procedure!
Currently software paired axes will not be run by the Centroid Drive Delay Autotune feature If you run it with an active
paired axis it will just skip it and give you a warning However we recommend changing the axis labels for the paired axis to
“N”
The machine home position must b e set
After any drives have been configured and tuned with the Yaskawa software or any time you have changed any Yaskawa
parameter settings on the drives s the Centroid Drive Delay Timing Autotune in t he CNC12 PID menu must be performed
again!
Notes
If you would like to Perform the Drive Delay Auto Tune on one axis at a time simply change the axis labels of the axes
you're not tuning to “N” to turn them off
Drive delay tuning on paired axes must be done by hand More information on this can be found after this section
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Start the drive delay AutoTune by pressing
F1 – Setup → F3 – Config default password is 137 → F4 – PID → F5 – Tune
Make sure that all axes can move the specified amount as seen on the screen without running into any obstacles or a limit
switch and press Cycle Start
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
After successful autotune press F1 key to save results
For software paired axis it is required to hand enter a drive delay number in CNC12 using parameters 340 347
A good starting place is to hand enter the same drive delay time that auto tune found for a similar axis motor/drive/machine
axis mechanicals
In the example below Axis 2 Y is paired to Axis 4 W
so we set Parameters 341 Axis 2 drive delay and 343 Axis 4 drive delay to 5 ms
Which is the X value found by Centroid Drive Delay AutoTune seen in Parameter 340
Pitfall Warning if you run Centroid Drive Delay AutoTune with the paired axis Active drive letter NOT set to “N” the drive
delay value for the paired axis will be set to zero and overwrite any hand entered values!
Further Hand Tuning of the Drive Delay amount and Position Gain in the Yaskawa software is described below
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Drive delay tuning by hand
For some machines it is desirable to further increase the positioning accuracy of the motor/drive Centroid’s CNC12 software
has a built in scope which allows you to collect positional data while running a simple test g code program in a repeat loop
and observe the real time Absolute position Error of an axis
In the example below we are running the Scope on the Z axis which is moving up and down over and over The “ErrAbs” is
observed at 0 00008 ” In this case there in NO NEED to proceed with the instructions below
In general If “ErrAbs” is below the fourth decimal place 0 0000x inches then there is no need to do any further tuning
The image above is of running a live Scope shot of the Z axis After automatic delay tuning was completed with very little
position error orange line from commanded position The green line is motor velocity
The orange trace ErrAbs is the position error The readout on the top left tracks the marker in the plot This marker can be
placed by left clicking anywhere within the plot window To the left of the slash is the error in terms of command pulse counts
while the right side of the slash shows the displacement
Assuming the overall turns ratio is set correctly see Tech bulletin 37 for more info the position error on constant velocity
moves should be very small You can mostly ignore the orange spike seen on the direction changes
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Paired axis drive delay tuning by hand
The Centroid drive delay AutoTune function cannot be run on software paired axes however good performance can be
achieved by fine tuning the delay and drive parameters by hand
Be sure to complete the paired axes setup as described in the Hickory installation manual
Keep the axes paired in CNC12 and only command the master axis label Y in our example in the drive delay tune g code
program
DO NOT run the PID_collection_moves txt program on the Slaved Axis Label! W in our example
For example we have a Router with a Y axis moving Gantry Y is axis 2 master and is paired to axis 4 W slaved
Run the Data collection Scope on the Y axis and observe the ErrAbs just like any other axis described below
When performing the trial and error process of adjusting the drive delay value covered in the following section make
adjustments to the drive delay parameters for BOTH of the paired axes at the same time In our example we would make
0 25 ms changes to both CNC12 parameters 341 axis 2 master Y and 343 axis 4 slaved W
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Hand Drive Delay Tuning Procedure
1 From CNC12’s main screen press F1 – Setup → F3 – Config default password is 137 → F3 – Parms and
navigate to parameter #340
2 Set the delays for any axes that will be hand tuned to a starter value such as 5 ms
3 Press F10 – Save and then press F4 – PID → F1 – PID Config to enter the PID Configuration menu
4 Press F1 – Edit Program to bring up the PID data gathering program in a text editor
PID_collection_moves txt Modify the program to provide a safe range of motion that is large enough for the
axis to accelerate to the commanded rate The feedrate should be the fastest positioning speed i e the fast jog rate
The delay is not critical but it is a good idea to have some
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Here are a couple examples Edit these files to meet your requirement for start/stop position feedrate etc refer to
the CNC12 Operators manuals for further explanation on all G and M codes
5 Save the file and return to CNC12 Press F8 – Change Axis to select the axis you wish to run the data collection on
which is displayed in the upper left corner of the screen
Run the Scope by pressing F2 – Run Program and then Cycle Start which will start the
PID_collection_moves txt program that we just edited
The axis will start moving and you will likely see a display similar to the following image If not press F7 – Zoom All
to automatically zoom to the full extents of the signals
The orange trace ErrAbs is the position error in terms of encoder counts There will most likely be a large
observable error seen since the drive delay timing value that we entered does not match the Yaskawa Software
tuning of the drive The above figure shows roughly 0 0045 inches of error This might be good for a router but for a
Lathe or Milling machine we would want to do better
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
6 Now start the trial and error process of hand tuning the drive delay value
ESC out of the Scope Run and adjust the drive delay parameter 340 347 by 0 25 250 milliseconds one way or the
other and start the Scope Run again Be sure to always run the same program in the same place on the machine tool
when comparing and observing the ErrAbs amount don’t change more than one thing at a time
In general the drive delay is too high if the orange ErrAbs trace is on the opposite side from the green Velocity trace
Correspondingly it is too low if it is on the same side as the green Velocity trace The goal is to bring the orange
ErrAbs trace as close to zero as possible
7 After a little tweaking below is the same scope shot showing good results of 0 00002” Position error We are done!
Ignore the orange spikes on the direction change and stops – they will not influence anything
8 Press Cycle Cancel or ESC to stop the program when finished
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Optional drive delay fine tuning
As the CNC12 AutoTune will set the drive delay to the best possible number within 0 25 ms this procedure is only necessary
if you wish to even further fine tune the drive delay
1 Navigate to the PID Config screen as we did in the previous section by going to F1 – Setup → F3 – Config default
password is 137 → F4 – PID → F1 – PID Config
2 If needed edit the PID_collection_moves txt program for the axis you want to tune by pressing F1 – Edit
Program and don’t forget to save the changes
3 Press F8 – Change Axis to select the axis you wish to run the data collection on and then press F2 – Run Program
and then Cycle Start to start the PID_collection_moves txt program
4 If you’re still seeing consistent error proportional to Vabs then fine tuning is needed in SigmaWin+
This error is due to a delay time mismatch Centroid Autotune has corrected the delay to the best of its ability but the
smallest correction it can make is 250us A residual delay mismatch may remain that is between 0 and 250us
Follow these steps to get to the SigmaWin+ Custom Tuning menu
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
Do not change the moment of
inertia simply click next
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TB322 Rev6 – CNC12 & Hickory Yaskawa Setup & Tuning
5 While the live tuning program is running adjust the "Feed Forward” FF level in SigmaWin+ Relatively fine changes
will be needed here that will not undo previous tuning efforts The FF level changes will take effect when the motor
stops at direction changes The error trace on Centroid's live tuning should get closer to 0 If not adjust the FF
level the other way
6 The error trace will be centered around 0 when the adjustment is correct as seen below
Corrected
performance after
delay fine tuning
7 Press the "Completed" button in SigmaWin+ and disconnect from the drive
8 Press Cycle Cancel or ESC in CNC12 to stop the program when finished
Once you’ve finished tuning the drives continue with the Hickory install manual where you left off
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